May 8, 2014 President lands at Little Rock AFB to view Arkansas tornado damage President Barack Obama landed at Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas, May 6, to tour the local communities damaged by the April 27 tornado.
May 8, 2014 Airman sings with country star during salute to troops Staff Sgt. Baily Zimmerman sang with recording artist Kellie Pickler April 7 during the taping of Academy of Country Music Presents: An All-Star Salute to the Troops.
May 8, 2014 DDR design poised to serve as open systems architecture pathfinder The Air Force's Dismount Detection Radar, or DDR, pod underwent its first test flight above the Mojave Airport Civilian Flight Test Center in California, April 22.
May 8, 2014 DOD values civilian employees’ contributions The Defense Department greatly appreciates the contributions of its civilian employees as it works toward achieving more efficiency across the workforce, a senior personnel official told a Senate homeland security and governmental affairs panel May 6.
May 7, 2014 Coalition forces aid in humanitarian efforts A team of coalition forces assisted the Afghan government with humanitarian efforts in the Badakhshan province this week.
May 6, 2014 CSAF describes Air Force’s ‘precarious’ position After 23 years of high-tempo operations, the Air Force is in a precarious position, Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. Mark A. Welsh III told the Senate Armed Services Committee May 6.
May 6, 2014 Eyes in the sky Security Forces Airmen at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, aim to enhance comprehensive base safety and security through its Small Unmanned Aircraft System, or SUAS, program.
May 6, 2014 Tablet technology to aid maintenance Airmen A 10-member pilot test team assigned to Air Combat Command’s directorate of logistics set up shop at Shaw Air Force Base, S.C., April 28, to work with 20th Maintenance Group Airmen testing the use of iPads to view maintenance technical orders.
May 5, 2014 SecAF visits Airmen at Pease Secretary of the Air Force Deborah Lee James visited here to meet with Airmen and senior leaders of the New Hampshire Air National Guard, the 64th Air Refueling Squadron, as well as New Hampshire state representatives May 2.
May 5, 2014 Academy beats Army, Navy as most innovative An Air Force Academy team bested the two other service academies in the first competition to design the most innovative project to address warfighter challenges. Sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the research-driven competition featured three teams from USAFA, the U.S.
May 5, 2014 SecAF, AFRC commander visit Westover ARB The 439th Airlift Wing hosted Secretary of the Air Force Deborah Lee James and Lt. Gen. James Jackson, the chief of Air Force Reserve, May 2.
May 5, 2014 Guardian angels conduct rescue mission off coast of Mexico Airmen from the 563rd Rescue Group responded to a rescue mission May 2, after being notified of a Venezuelan fishing boat 1,100 nautical miles off the Pacific coast of Mexico with two critically injured Chinese sailors.
May 5, 2014 Knowledge Management Centers roll out Air Force-wide The Air Force revamped the Knowledge Management career-field, aiming to make its Airmen into some of the service’s top innovators working in newly established KM centers Air-Force-wide.
April 30, 2014 Air Force secretary reports on total force balance Air Force Secretary Deborah Lee James yesterday outlined the service’s progress in leveraging the talent and capabilities of the Air National Guard and the Air Force Reserve within the total force concept.
April 30, 2014 CSAF promotes balance of stewardship, capability The Air Force chief of staff explored the proper force ratio between the service’s active duty and reserve components in testimony before the Senate Armed Services Committee, April 29.
April 29, 2014 Legacy airframe and modern technology CONECT Air Force Global Strike Command took delivery of a significantly enhanced Boeing B-52H Stratofortress in a ceremony here, April 25.
April 28, 2014 Air Force tests new surveillance capability The Air Force successfully completed the first Maritime Modes program risk reduction flight April 14, 2014, as the service moves toward providing a new air-sea battle surveillance capability.
April 28, 2014 Joint Coalition roars through Max Thunder Airmen from the Department of Defense and Republic of Korea joined forces to showcase and exercise its air power during the 12th Max Thunder exercise at Gwangju Air Base, ROK, April 11-25, 2014.
April 28, 2014 Airmen advise Afghan air force Airmen from the 438th Air Expeditionary Wing/NATO Air Training Command - Afghanistan, are playing a vital role in Operation Enduring Freedom as advisers tasked with aiding the Afghan government in establishing an operational and sustainable Afghan air force.
April 25, 2014 95th Fighter Squadron declares initial operational capability The 95th Fighter Squadron here took another step toward an increased ability to protect global airpower, unit officials said.
April 25, 2014 SecAF visits Altus AFB, discusses priorities, future Secretary of the Air Force Deborah Lee James visited here April 23, to get a firsthand look at the wing's mission, visit with Airmen and civic leaders, and learn the unique capabilities, key initiatives and attributes of Altus AFB.
April 25, 2014 Dyess AFB receives first C-130J simulator Dyess Air Force Base's new C-130J simulator ups annual training requirements by 88 percent tailored to maximize benefits for individual crews.
April 25, 2014 F-16s train alongside F-35s F-16s from Hill Air Force Base, Utah, flew air-to-air combat training missions with F-35As assigned to the 33rd Fighter Wing, Eglin Air Force Base, Fla.
April 24, 2014 AF top Airman gives insight to budget decisions “The demand for what the Air Force provides is on the rise; unfortunately, the supply is going in the other direction,” said Gen. Mark A. Welsh III, Air Force Chief of Staff.
April 24, 2014 Engine test facility upgrade improves exhaust handling efficiency There is an ongoing upgrade project for two of the intercoolers that aid in handling engine exhaust in the C-Plant Exhaust System at the Arnold Engineering Development Complex's engine test facility.
April 23, 2014 Altus, McConnell AFBs selected to receive KC-46A Pegasus aircraft Air Force officials announced April 23, that Altus Air Force Base, Okla., is the Air Force’s KC-46A Pegasus formal training unit and McConnell AFB, Kan., is the first active duty-led Pegasus main operating base.
April 22, 2014 Space Command leader calls for innovation amid budget cuts Innovation and cost-saving ideas will help ensure the Air Force keeps its warfighting readiness despite significant, ongoing budget cuts, said the commander of Air Force Space Command.
April 21, 2014 All in the family: California ANG brothers serve together "I really feel blessed to have both of them here with me during my first deployment overseas. I love the fact that we hang out, enjoy meals together, workout, and even joined the base Honor Guard together," said Senior Airman Walter Morales Talento.
April 17, 2014 Air Force researchers test Google Glass for battlefield use Researchers with the 711th Human Performance Wing at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, are looking to make missions for Airmen a whole lot lighter and faster by testing Google Glass and its head-mounted optical see-through display technology, for potential battlefield use.
April 16, 2014 B-1B Lancer software upgrade will ensure future warfighting capabilities The Sustainment Block 16A configuration is expected to improve situational awareness to all crew members, increase the maintainability of the B-1B Lancer and provide data link capabilities to the field.
April 15, 2014 AF surgeon general aims to help cyber Airmen The Air Force surgeon general visited the 24th Air Force here, April 10, in an effort to learn about ways that the medical community can support cyber operators.
April 14, 2014 Air Force budget focuses on preserving capability, not aircraft The debate over force structure reductions outlined in the Air Force’s fiscal year 2015 budget should be about capabilities and missions, not aircraft, Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. Mark A. Welsh III told the Senate here April 10.
April 11, 2014 AF leadership reinforces importance of nuclear mission on the Hill Air Force nuclear deterrence operations serve a central role in providing deterrence and maintaining stability in today’s increasingly complex national security environment.
April 11, 2014 DOD, AF science and technology leaders testify before Senate Kevin Gooder, the program integration division chief of the Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for science, technology and engineering, testified before the Senate Armed Services Committee’s subcommittee on emerging threats and capabilities April 8.
April 11, 2014 Surgeon general testifies before Senate on budget request The medical capabilities honed from 13 years of war must continue to expand for future needs, the three military surgeon generals’ told Senate Appropriations Committee’s subcommittee on defense April 9.
April 10, 2014 Readiness key to Air Force responsiveness Air Force readiness is critical, especially as the time or place of the next crisis is never certain and is rarely what was expected, the Air Force vice chief of staff told a House panel April 10.
April 10, 2014 SecAF, CSAF testify on Air Force posture The fiscal and security challenges triggered by budgetary constraints are posing problems for Air Force strategy, the service’s secretary told the Senate Armed Services Committee April 10.
April 10, 2014 F-35 on time to replace previous tactical aircraft The F-35 Lightning II will enhance combat capabilities, project U.S. power and deter potential adversaries, Air Force officials told members of the Senate Armed Services Committee’s subcommittee on tactical air and land forces in a hearing on tactical aircraft programs there, April 8.
April 10, 2014 Significant milestone met as progress continues on AWACS upgrade Significant upgrades are expected to improve capabilities for the Airborne Warning and Control System, or AWACS, soon.
April 10, 2014 Installation of backup oxygen system in F-22 combat fleet continues The Air Force Life Cycle Management Center's F-22 Division is on-track to complete installation of the Automatic Back-up Oxygen System (ABOS) in the Air Force's F-22 Raptor combat fleet by December 2014.
April 8, 2014 Missile delivery marks milestone for Armament Directorate The Armament Directorate celebrated a milestone with the delivery of the first production lot of Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile Extended Range missiles to Dyess Air Force Base, Texas, last month.
April 8, 2014 Top AF leaders speak at Nellis AFB Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. Mark A. Welsh III, along with Chief Master Sgt. of the Air Force James A. Cody, took time out of their base visit April 7, here, to engage Airmen in a town-hall style meeting in the Lighting Aircraft Maintenance Unit hangar.
April 7, 2014 Airmen, civil authorities train for natural disasters Natural disasters can and often strike with little notice, making a recent multi-state disaster response exercise involving military, civilian and interagency personnel especially valuable.
April 7, 2014 Space superiority remains vital to national security Gen. William Shelton, Air Force Space Command commander, highlighted a successful satellite launch to the House Armed Services Committee’s subcommittee on strategic forces during a budget hearing for national security space activities, April 3.
April 4, 2014 Acting Deputy Defense Secretary talks budget, urges innovation Acting Deputy Secretary of Defense Christine H. Fox spoke at Air University's Air War College about budget constraints and sequestration in relation to the Air Force's role in the Department of Defense, the importance of technology and innovation April 3.
April 4, 2014 Future outlook released for remotely piloted aircraft Air Force leaders outlined what the next 25 years for remotely piloted aircraft will look like in the RPA Vector, published April 4.
April 3, 2014 'Super Galaxy' fleet complete at Dover From the Galaxy to Super Galaxy, Dover's armada of C-5M Super Galaxies is finally complete. Lt. Gen. Brooks L. Bash, Air Mobility Command vice commander, delivered its 18th and final C-5M Super Galaxy, tail number 87-0040, April 2, at 1:30 p.m., here.
April 3, 2014 Air Force improving its energy security The Air Force is the largest consumer of energy in the federal government, with 86 percent of its energy costs dedicated to aviation fuel, according to Kathleen Ferguson, the principal deputy assistant secretary performing duties as Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for installations, environment
April 3, 2014 Air Force leaders lay out budget priorities, concerns Air Force leaders testified April 2, before the Senate Appropriations Committee on their service’s top priorities now and for the future.Joined by Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. Mark A. Welsh III and National Guard leaders and Air Force Reserve leadership, Air Force Secretary Deborah Lee James
April 3, 2014 Air Force leaders insist new tanker is key to airpower The top three acquisition priorities for the Air Force are the KC-46A aerial tanker, the F-35A Joint Strike Fighter and the Long Range Strike Bomber, officials told members of Congress during a hearing of House Armed Services Committee’s subcommittee on seapower and projections forces, April 2.
April 3, 2014 Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Flight 19 launch The Air Force successfully launched the 19th Defense Meteorological Satellite Program or, DMSP, spacecraft at 7:46 a.m. PDT, April 3, from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. The satellite was carried aboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V launch vehicle.
April 3, 2014 Bombers train on long-range capabilities The mission, which spanned nearly 8,000 miles from home station to the drop site and back to the home installation, tested the ability for planners to coordinate operations between combatant commands and amongst multiple Air Force wings. The 20-plus hour training missions also demonstrated the U.S.'
April 1, 2014 President Obama visits wounded warriors at Ramstein Air Force One touched down at Ramstein Air Base bringing President Barack Obama, to meet with some of America's heroes March 29.After a week of traveling through Europe and stopping in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, the president made a short trip to Germany to meet with wounded warriors from the Landstuhl
April 1, 2014 African Partnership Flight Angola 2014 concludes African Partnership Flight Angola 2014 came to a close after a full week of events including Airmen from the Angolan, U.S. and Zambian air forces, March 28.
April 1, 2014 Military officials testify on sequestration, readiness Sequestration would degrade military readiness, senior military officials recently told a Senate panel.
March 31, 2014 First ever 'Tonnerre Lightning' refining language of war British, French, and U.S. Airmen wrapped up the inaugural exercise Tonnerre Lightning 14-1 here and other operating locations March 28. The tri-lateral exercise, which replicates a coalition response to a contingency operation, developed as a method for the U.S., the United Kingdom and France's air
March 28, 2014 FIDAE Air Show, subject matter expert exchanges kick-off in Chile Chilean President Michelle Bachelet presided over a ceremony March 27 officially marking the start of FIDAE 2014, one of the largest international trade and air shows in the world, being held in Santiago, Chile, March 25 to 30.
March 27, 2014 Air Force looks to cost-effective technologies to sustain future operations Focused and balanced investments in science and technology programs across the services were at the center of discussions during a hearing before the House Armed Services Committee’s subcommittee on Intelligence, Emerging Threat and Capabilities on Capitol Hill, March 26.
March 27, 2014 Air Force officials stress balance in face of budget constraints While testifying on Capitol Hill March 25, DoD’s top personnel leaders all agreed that in light of likely future budget reductions, slowing compensation and benefits growth is a difficult but necessary step to balance the rising cost of personnel with readiness and modernization requirements.
March 27, 2014 Initial phase of Joint STARS effort begins The Air Force's Joint STARS recapitalization effort is taking off as a Hanscom AFB-led team moves toward replacing the aging fleet and beefing up its ability to detect threats, process data and distribute information.
March 27, 2014 CSAF: Budget cuts affect combatant commands Painful budget reductions will reduce the future capabilities of combatant commanders, Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. Mark A. Welsh III told Congress here March 26. Testifying alongside Secretary of the Air Force Deborah Lee James at a hearing of the House Appropriations Committee's defense
March 26, 2014 Airmen destroy BLAC ICE The 435th Contingency Response Group recently joined security forces from Turkey, Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany for a training course on tactical leadership.
March 26, 2014 New tool provides Offutt AFB maintainers with just the right blend A new tool, no bigger than a yard stick, is making work a lot easier for maintenance professionals of the 55th Wing who are responsible for keeping Offutt Air Force Base aircraft flying. The tool stands to save the Air Force hundreds of thousands of dollars.
March 26, 2014 Air Advisors train Afghan pilots and maintainers Afghan pilots and aircraft maintainers are a vital part of the Afghan National Air Force and increase its operational capabilities, and with the aid of a group of U.S. advisors, they are making huge strides in that direction.
March 25, 2014 SecAF observes Airmen, core missions in Southwest Asia Secretary of the Air Force Deborah Lee James finished up her first visit to Air Forces Central Command's area of responsibility with a tour of the 386th Air Expeditionary Wing March 22-23.
March 24, 2014 US and Guatemalan service members complete joint seminars The 571st Mobility Support Advisory Squadron has completed 25 days of joint seminars with Guatemalan armed forces counterparts here, March 13.
March 23, 2014 Airmen arrive for partnership event in Angola More than 20 U.S. Air Force Airmen arrived here last week to participate in African Partnership Flight, cohosted by Angola and the U.S.
March 21, 2014 AF undersecretary headlines F-35 unveiling at Luke AFB Luke Air Force Base celebrated the arrival of its first F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighter with an unveiling ceremony here March 14. The event was attended by approximately 500 people, including elected officials, community leaders, representatives from partner nation air forces and many Luke
March 21, 2014 USAFE-AFAFRICA, NATO host 29th Aerospace Medicine Summit Medical professionals from 16 nations attended the Ramstein Aerospace Medicine Summit and NATO Science and Technology Organization Technical Course here March 10-14.
March 20, 2014 AF physician assistant named ‘PA of Year’ It was her first year working as a physician assistant, and a patient had just left her exam room when she heard a burst of gunshots in the distance. Within seconds, screams filled the hospital as people scrambled for cover. In the midst of the chaos, a piercing silence fell over the clinic and her
March 19, 2014 US begins training sorties in Poland U.S. Fighting Falcons assigned to the 31st Fighter Wing at Aviano Air Base, Italy, began off-site aerial training for the first time since their arrival at Detachment 1, 52nd Operations Group here, March 18.
March 18, 2014 Academy cadet earns national leadership award The top cadet in the U.S. Air Force Academy's Aeronautics Department was recognized for being among the best aerospace graduates in the country last week in the nation's capital. Cadet 1st Class Christopher Shannon received the 2014 Tomorrow's Leaders Award during the 57th Annual Laureates Awards
March 18, 2014 SecAF shares 'way ahead' with USAFE Airmen For her first stop during her first overseas trip as the Secretary of the Air Force, Deborah Lee James toured Ramstein Air Base, Germany, and spoke with U.S. Air Forces in Europe and Air Forces Africa Airmen March 17.
March 17, 2014 12 Aviano F16s, support personnel arrive in Poland At the invitation of the government of Poland, twelve 555th Fighter Squadron F-16 Fighting Falcons and approximately 200 personnel assigned to the 31st Fighter Wing at Aviano Air Base, Italy, arrived at the U.S. Air Force Aviation Detachment at Lask Air Base, Poland, March 14-15.
March 14, 2014 CSAF: Every budget decision hurts The Air Force’s fiscal 2015 budget request was built to ensure its combat power remains unequaled, Welsh told members of the House Armed Services Committee.
March 14, 2014 SecAF addresses budget challenges in Congress Newly-appointed Air Force Secretary Deborah Lee James wanted to see the Air Force in action, so she spent her first 11 weeks on the job visiting 18 bases in 13 states, she told members of the House Armed Services Committee March
March 14, 2014 First female assumes command of ANG fighter wing Col. Sherrie McCandless , the first woman selected to command the 124th Fighter Wing and first female wing commander in Idaho Air National Guard history assumed command in a ceremony on March 2, at Gowen Field, Boise, Idaho.
March 14, 2014 Cyber supports Red Flag for first time For the first time in Red Flag's nearly 40-year history, the 24th Air Force played a significant role in the Cyber Mission Force, or CMF, at the Air Combat Command-sponsored exercise held at Nellis Air Force Base, Nev. Jan. 27 through Feb. 14.
March 14, 2014 AF requests BRAC from House Appropriations Committee The Air Force presented to the House Appropriations Committee panel its fiscal 2015 budget request March 12, showing it will take more risk with military construction and military housing and is requesting another round of base realignments and closures.
March 13, 2014 Officials update Congress on military space policy, challenges If potential adversaries are to challenge the United States, they must do so in the space domain, the Defense Department’s top space policy official told Congress here March 12.
March 12, 2014 AF budget director outlines challenges, opportunities to AFA members With the Air Force making every dollar count, the fiscal year 2015 President’s Budget request was presented to the Air Force Association by Maj. Gen. James Martin, Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Financial Management and Comptroller deputy assistant secretary for budget, March 11, during
March 12, 2014 Airman gets lifetime opportunity to brief Queen The Air Force prides itself on giving Airmen opportunities. For Capt. Brusle Sherburne IV of the Air Force Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Agency, his special job afforded him the chance meeting of a lifetime. As the first U.S. Air Force exchange officer at Tactical
March 11, 2014 AF undersecretary: Budget uncertainty worries Airmen Airmen are worried about budgetary uncertainty, and service leaders pledge to be transparent about priorities and programs available as the service moves forward, Air Force Undersecretary Eric Fanning said here March 11.Speaking to the Defense Writers Group, Fanning told reporters he has heard from
March 10, 2014 DOD's top enlisted leader honors ACC Airmen, families Marine Corps Sgt. Maj. Bryan B. Battaglia, senior enlisted advisor to the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, spoke during Air Combat Command’s annual awards dinner, where he lauded troops for their service and their families for their unwavering commitment.
March 10, 2014 Air Force officials announce FY15 force structure changes Air Force officials released force structure changes today resulting from the Fiscal Year 2015 President’s Budget announced March 4.To ensure the service successfully transitions to a leaner force that remains ready, the Air Force plans to remove almost 500 aircraft across the inventories of all
March 7, 2014 DOD's top doc outlines medical advances The Defense Department's top doctor says the innovations and technology in military medicine derived from more than a decade of war in Iraq and Afghanistan have led to advances in caring for the sick and injured.
March 7, 2014 Dogs help vets cope with PTSD, trauma Though she was home, Capt. Mary McGriff felt no comfort. She was alone but anxious, quiet but uneasy. She felt no safety behind locked doors. The doctor's words rang fresh in her mind, behind splintered memories of her 2005 deployment to Iraq.
March 7, 2014 USAFE-AFAFRICA surgeon general takes home prestigious humanitarian assistance award U.S. Air Forces in Europe and Air Forces Africa international health specialist, or IHS, branch earned the 2013 Annual Meeting of the Society of Federal Health Agencies Humanitarian Assistance award for their contributions to improving medical programs in Europe and Africa.The award recognizes an
March 6, 2014 Air Force leaders share space budget rollout Space was the topic of discussion for Air Force leaders March 5, during on-going talks about the fiscal year 2015 budget at the Pentagon.
March 6, 2014 Program executive officer describes F-35 progress Progress remains steady in the F-35 Lightning II joint strike fighter’s operational testing, reprogramming, fueling, and stand-up training, the F-35 program executive officer told an audience at Aviation Week’s Defense Technologies and Requirements Conference here March 4.
March 5, 2014 SecAF discusses current, future challenges with ACC Airmen Secretary of the Air Force Deborah Lee James visited here Feb. 27 to learn about the base mission and discuss the challenges facing the Air Force."This is my introduction to Air Combat Command," she said. "I have seen nothing but enormous energy from the Airmen here as they describe how excited they
March 5, 2014 Newest Airman magazine edition hits newsstands The March/April issue of Airman magazine is now available to download and viewable through a Web browser.
March 4, 2014 Air Force presents FY 15 budget request The Air Force presented its fiscal year 2015 President’s Budget request today, following similar briefings by the Department of Defense and its sister services.
March 4, 2014 US, Greek forces complete bilateral flight training, build partnerships U.S. Air Force F-15E Strike Eagles and Hellenic air force F-16s flew a combined 270 missions during two weeks of NATO training at Souda Air Base, Greece.
Feb. 28, 2014 Andersen Airmen learn innovative airfield damage repair capability The 36th Civil Engineer Squadron was one of the first units in the Air Force to receive training on a new airfield damage repair technique here Jan. 21 through Jan. 24.
Feb. 28, 2014 SecAF discusses Air Force future, budget during defense summit Defense industry leaders and analysts received an insight into the proposed Air Force transformation and a preview of the Fiscal Year 2015 Air Force budget during the Bloomberg Government Defense Transformation Spending and Strategy Summit Feb. 26.
Feb. 26, 2014 Exercise Cope North provides real-world humanitarian assistance The 36th Wing on Andersen Air Force Base, Guam, along with exercise planners expanded an exercise Cope North scenario to include real-life humanitarian assistance for Rota.
Feb. 26, 2014 Communications Airmen enable Greek, US flight training The success of a flying-training deployment involving U.S. and Hellenic air forces here hinges on an array of variables, and one quick-response communications force is ensuring tactical messages are delivered.
Feb. 26, 2014 Hagel talks with troops about 2015 defense budget request In spotless aircraft hangars at two different military bases in southeastern Virginia yesterday, Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel stood before several hundred Airmen and Soldiers, highlighting priorities in the Defense Department’s fiscal 2015 budget request and taking questions.
Feb. 25, 2014 Joint airdrop in Greece: Combined efforts key to success In true Greek fashion, a few select service members from the Kaiserslautern Military Community area have undertaken a momentous task. Though lacking the same Herculean strength outlined in Greek mythology, these Airmen make up for it with sheer determination and the will to succeed in their task --