Jan. 16, 2024 CSAF Leadership Library: January 2024 Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. David W. Allvin presents five new additions to the CSAF Leadership Library.
Jan. 16, 2024 CSAF Memo to Airmen: Leadership Library Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. David W. Allvin presents five new additions to the CSAF Leadership Library.
Jan. 11, 2024 CSAF presents Mackay Trophy to 53rd Wing pilot for most meritorious flight of 2022 Awarded for the “most meritorious flight of the year” by an Air Force individual, group, or organization, the Mackay Trophy is one of the longest-standing aviation awards in the nation having first been given to 2nd Lt. Henry H. ‘Hap’ Arnold in 1912.
Jan. 5, 2024 AF Year in Photos This year's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This annual feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
Dec. 22, 2023 DAF senior leaders, spouses deliver their holiday message DAF senior leaders and their spouses deliver a holiday message to Airmen, Guardians and civilian teammates.
Dec. 15, 2023 AF Week in Photos This week's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This weekly feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
Dec. 13, 2023 Readout of US Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. David W. Allvin’s counterpart visit with Royal Thai Air Force Commander in Chief Air Chief Marshal Punpakdee Pattanakul The visit aimed to strengthen the U.S.-Thailand alliance and advance shared security interests in support of a free and open Indo-Pacific region.
Dec. 13, 2023 SECAF visits Airmen, Guardians, sees AFFORGEN in action During his visit with the first Airmen to deploy under the new AFFORGEN model, Kendall learned about how Airmen and Guardians are delivering capabilities, developing critical relationships with allies and partners and supporting the enduring defense initiatives throughout the region.
Dec. 11, 2023 Chief Master Sgt. David A. Flosi named 20th Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force Chief Master Sgt. David A. Flosi was selected to be the 20th Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force.
Dec. 2, 2023 DAF leaders emphasize adapting AI for warfighting success Air Force Secretary Frank Kendall made it clear that the Air Force and Space Force are fully committed — and pushing hard — to develop and deploy artificial intelligence as a key element in meeting security challenges posed by China and other adversaries Dec. 2.
Nov. 27, 2023 CSAF, CMSAF inspire during Thanksgiving visit to BMT Allvin emphasized the importance of service in the U.S. Air Force, highlighting the commitment and dedication of the next generation.
Nov. 24, 2023 Around the Air Force: Allvin Welcome Ceremony, Spouse Business Benefit, Childcare Subletting Expand In this week’s look around the Air Force, the new Air Force Chief of Staff, Gen. David W. Allvin, is welcomed by the force, a new benefit aids spouse-owned small businesses, and a new app helps military families find short-term childcare.
Nov. 21, 2023 Largest-ever PACS concludes, enhancing competitive advantages for 22 nations The four-day symposium was held to foster regional security, stability, interoperability, leadership development, knowledge exchanges, and to ensure a shared understanding of challenges throughout the Indo-Pacific.
Nov. 17, 2023 Around the Air Force: CSAF Letter to Airmen, Red Hawk Arrives, Digital Promotion Testing In this week’s look around the Air Force, Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. David W. Allvin lays out his priorities in a letter to Airmen, the new T-7A training aircraft enters the next phase of developmental flight, and enlisted promotions testing goes digital.
Nov. 15, 2023 Pacific air chiefs gather to address regional security, strengthen partnerships The week-long event focuses on applying global lessons to challenges of regional security and is the largest biannual air chief symposium to date, with 22 countries attending.
Nov. 9, 2023 Around the Air Force: Allvin Takes Command, Missile Warning Mission, EVTOL Testing Begins In this week’s look around the Air Force, Gen. Allvin is confirmed as the 23rd CSAF, USSF assumes missile warning mission responsibility from U.S. Army, and the Alia electric aircraft arrives at Eglin AFB for capability testing. (Hosted by Staff Sgt. Jazmin Granger)
Nov. 2, 2023 Senate confirms Allvin as Air Force’s 23rd chief of staff Allvin, who was nominated for the job by President Biden, formerly served as Air Force Vice Chief of Staff. He succeeds Gen. CQ Brown, Jr., who is now serving as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
Oct. 20, 2023 Around the Air Force: NATO Exercise Toxic Trip 23, Energy Action Month, Clean Geothermal Energy In this week’s look around the Air Force, Toxic Trip 23 brings together allies and partners in a CBRN exercise, Energy Action Month advances new technology for the joint fight and geothermal prototype facilities deliver clean energy to harness the Earth’s natural heat and power installations.
Sept. 20, 2023 Air Force releases Enlisted Airmanship Continuum The Air Force published a letter to Airmen detailing updates to the enlisted force development model. The model reflects the new Enlisted Airmanship Continuum, a series of changes aiming to provide new development opportunities to Airmen.
Sept. 18, 2023 DAF leaders emphasize modernization, readiness at AFA Conference amid great power competition The Department of the Air Force’s top officials provided a series of keynote speeches and panel discussions at the Air and Space Forces Association 2023 Air, Space and Cyber Conference Sept. 11-13.
Sept. 12, 2023 Allvin stresses need to modernize, transform Air Force during Senate confirmation hearing Gen. David W. Allvin told a Senate committee Tuesday that, if confirmed as the next Air Force Chief of Staff, he will press hard to follow through on modernizing and reshaping the service to meet current and emerging threats.
Sept. 8, 2023 CSAF visits 90th MW, engages with Airmen Brown visited with members of the 90th Missile Wing to engage with and hear from Airmen and to have an in-depth immersion of the LGM-35A Sentinel ICBM weapon system.
Sept. 5, 2023 'Serving during a consequential time': Top enlisted leader engages with Airmen at Joint Base Andrews Chief Master Sgt. of the Air Force JoAnne S. Bass recently discussed current and future challenges for Airmen while speaking with Joint Base Andrews personnel.
Sept. 1, 2023 Around the Air Force: Five ‘C's’ of Mission Command, Blended Wing Aircraft Prototype, $1.6 Billion for Dorms and CDC Improvements In this week’s look around the Air Force, new doctrine is released on mission command, a blended wing aircraft is in development that could save money on fuel, and improvements are coming for dormitories and child development centers. (Hosted by Senior Airman Saomy Sabournin)
Aug. 24, 2023 DAF senior leaders speak at Air Force Sergeants Association conference The three-day event focused on understanding the strategic competition, the role of service members in building the Force of the Future, professional development, networking and insights from senior service leaders.
Aug. 16, 2023 Air Force releases new memo, doctrine on mission command The Air Force recently released two documents on mission command Aug. 16.
Aug. 7, 2023 CSAF delivers 2023 Life Cycle Industry Days keynote address Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr. provided the opening keynote address for Life Cycle Industry Days July 31.
Aug. 4, 2023 Around the Air Force: CSAF Nomination, Wedgetail Agreement, Leadership Titles Change In this week’s look around the Air Force, VCSAF Gen. David Allvin is nominated to be the 23rd CSAF, three country’s Air Forces agree to develop the Wedgetail early warning and control aircraft, and Air Force vice commanders become deputy commanders.
July 31, 2023 CSAF Leadership Library: July 2023 Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr. presents five new additions to the CSAF Leadership Library.
July 27, 2023 General Allvin nominated to be next Air Force Chief of Staff Air Force Vice Chief of Staff Gen. David W. Allvin, a command pilot with joint planning and strategy expertise, has been nominated as the Air Force’s 23rd Chief of Staff, Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin III announced July 26.
July 20, 2023 Air Force aligns leadership titles with joint force Effective Aug. 1, the Air Force will change duty titles from vice commander to deputy commander to better align terminology with its sister services.In accordance with direction from Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr., the Air Force issued a memo communicating updated guidance for Air Force
July 17, 2023 Wedgetail Trilateral Joint Vision Statement signed at Royal International Air Tattoo A joint vision statement was signed by heads of the Royal Air Force, Royal Australian Air Force, and the United States Air Force, setting out their mutual intent to work collaboratively on the development of their countries’ Wedgetail Airborne Early Warning and Control aircraft.
June 30, 2023 Vietnam War pilot returns home The remains of U.S. Air Force pilot Col. Ernest Leo De Soto, who went missing during the Vietnam War, have finally come home.
June 30, 2023 Readout of US Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr.’s counterpart visit with Chief of the Romanian Air Force Staff Lt. Gen. Viorel Pană U.S. Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr. hosted the Chief of the Romanian Air Force Staff Lt. Gen. Viorel Pană for an official counterpart visit recognizing Romania as a valued NATO ally.
June 27, 2023 Airmen to see changes in deployment cycles with AFFORGEN The U.S. Air Force is transitioning away from the expeditionary Air Force model of force presentation to the Air Force Force Generation model after more than 20 years of contingency operations.
June 22, 2023 Air Force senior leaders hold contested logistics table-top exercise Senior Air Force officials gathered to discuss strategy, policy and the future fight at the CORONA-South summit at MacDill Air Force Base, Tampa, Florida, where senior leaders held a table-top exercise focused on the strategic risks related to conducting logistics in contested environments.
June 15, 2023 DAF leaders convene at CORONA South 2023 Department of the Air Force leaders congregated for CORONA South 2023 at MacDill Air Force Base, Florida.
June 9, 2023 AF Week in Photos This week's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This weekly feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
June 2, 2023 Around the Air Force: Brown Nominated for Chairman of the Joint Chiefs, Recruiting Medals/Promotions, Cadets Research Robotics In this week’s look around the Air Force, POTUS nominates CSAF as the next Chairman of the Joint Chiefs, pending Senate confirmation, Airmen and Guardians can get medals and promotions as part of new recruiting incentives and cadets at the USAFA are studying how people interact with robots.
May 23, 2023 Tyndall AFB welcomes CSAF to the 'Installation of the Future' Airmen from Tyndall AFB welcomed Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr., to the Defense Department's first “Installation of the Future.”
May 19, 2023 Around the Air Force: Defense Innovation, Defender 23, Prepping the Line In this week’s look around the Air Force, SecAF talks about the future of innovation and collaboration with partners and allies, the Air Force supports Defender 23, and new supervisors have an additional resource for taking care of Airmen. (Hosted by Staff Sgt. Milton Hamilton)
May 10, 2023 DAF senior leaders offer dialogue on defense innovation amid strategic competition Air Force Senior Leaders were among speakers at the Ash Carter Exchange on Innovation and National Security May 9.
April 28, 2023 AF Week in Photos This week's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This weekly feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
April 21, 2023 AF Week in Photos This week's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This weekly feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
April 17, 2023 Air Force chief of staff visits Cannon AFB At an all-call, Brown spoke about the importance of prioritizing the needs of Airmen and emphasized the vital role they play as the Air Force adapts to address pacing, acute and unforeseen challenges of the future.
April 13, 2023 CSAF visits Vermont ANG Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr., visited with Vermont Air National Guard Airmen April 1.
April 11, 2023 Air Force Chief of Staff visits NY ANG CSAF and his spouse, Sharene Brown, hosted an all-call with the Airmen of the 105th Airlift Wing focusing on the importance of change, as well as a medial decoration and aircraft dedication.
April 11, 2023 New York Airmen awarded medals for Afghanistan evacuation Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr. recognized 17 Airmen from the 105th Airlift Wing for their bravery during the August 2021 withdrawal from Afghanistan.
April 11, 2023 CSAF visits 179th Airlift Wing ahead of historic mission conversion The visit was an opportunity for senior leadership to meet with Airmen and discuss the historic mission conversion of the unit into the ANG's first cyberspace wing.
April 11, 2023 Air Force recognizes Lance P. Sijan Award winners Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr., spoke about the prestigious award, highlighting the accomplishments of the Airmen who embody Sijan’s leadership and character in performance and standards of personal conduct.
April 7, 2023 Around the Air Force: Budget Testimony, Bereavement Leave, One-Stop Promotion Website In this week’s look around the Air Force, senior leaders tell lawmakers about the negative consequences of a delayed budget process, DoD has a new bereavement leave policy, and there’s a new promotion studies website.
March 31, 2023 Around the Air Force: Uniform Board Results, Well-Being Enhancements, Fifth-Generation Fighters in the Philippines In this week’s look around the Air Force, the 102nd Uniform Board results have been approved, DoD announces new enhancements for family well-being, and for the first time, fifth-generation fighters land and operate from the Philippines. (Hosted by Staff Sgt. Milton Hamilton)
March 31, 2023 DAF senior leaders pay respects at Vietnam Veterans Memorial Department of the Air Force senior leaders visited the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C., to pay their respects on National Vietnam War Veteran’s Day.
March 24, 2023 AF Week in Photos This week's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This weekly feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
March 21, 2023 Air Force releases 102nd Uniform Board results for Airmen, Guardians The DAF approved several uniform initiatives for implementation effective April 1.
March 20, 2023 Readout of CSAF’s counterpart visit with Qatar Emiri Air Force Commander Maj. Gen. Jassim Al-Mannai Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr. hosted Qatar Emiri Air Force Commander Maj. Gen. Jassim Al-Mannai for an official counterpart visit March 16 to further deepen the strong U.S.-Qatar defense and security partnership.
March 13, 2023 Department of the Air Force 2024 budget proposal invests in modernization, transformation The $259.3 billion proposal that Congress will now consider for the fiscal year beginning Oct. 1 includes $185.1 billion for the Air Force and $30 billion for the Space Force.
March 10, 2023 AF Week in Photos This week's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This weekly feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
March 10, 2023 Around the Air Force: AWACS Replacement, Reproductive Health Policies, African Air Chiefs Symposium In this week’s look around the Air Force, a new prototype Airborne Battle Management aircraft is ordered, the Air Force announces new privacy protections for pregnant Airmen and policies for non-covered reproductive health care, and U.S. Air Forces Africa sponsors a meeting of African Air Chiefs.
March 8, 2023 China Aerospace Studies Institute introduces research, analysis toolkit for commanders The Department of the Air Force launched a toolkit March 8, providing a supplemental resource for commanders to tailor training specifically oriented to the United States’ pacing challenge.
March 7, 2023 Air Force announces Future Operating Concept CSAF signed the Air Force Future Operating Concept, ensuring long-range planning is intentionally linked to the Joint Warfighting Concept.
March 1, 2023 37 African nations, US kickoff AACS 2023 in Senegal The Senegalese Air Force, along with the Association of African Air Forces sponsored by U.S. Air Forces Africa, officially kicked off the 12th annual African Air Chiefs Symposium with an opening ceremony, Feb. 28, in Dakar.
Feb. 27, 2023 DAF hosts 3rd Virtual Women’s Air and Space Power Symposium The Secretary of the Air Force Office of Diversity and Inclusion will host the third annual Department of the Air Force Virtual Women’s Air and Space Power Symposium March 8-10.
Feb. 16, 2023 Vice Chief’s Challenge calls Airmen to operationalize Agile Combat Employment The goal of the DAF 2023 Vice Chief's Challenge is to find innovative responses to challenges affecting Agile Combat Employment.
Feb. 3, 2023 AF Week in Photos This week's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This weekly feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
Jan. 20, 2023 AF Week in Photos This week's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This weekly feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
Jan. 18, 2023 Readout of US Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr.’s travel to Jordan The leaders exchanged views on the regional security situation and agreed on the importance of deepening both bilateral and multilateral cooperation in pursuit of common objectives.
Jan. 17, 2023 CSAF, CMSAF visit CENTCOM CSAF, CMSAF visited the U.S. Central Command area of responsibility. The goal of the trip was to highlight the Air Force’s continued commitment to building trust and interoperability with regional partners and to show support for Airmen serving in the AOR.
Jan. 13, 2023 AF Week in Photos This week's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This weekly feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
Jan. 6, 2023 AF Year in Photos This year's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This annual feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
Dec. 27, 2022 CSAF visits RAF Lakenheath during holidays Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr. visited 48th Fighter Wing Airmen to thank them for standing watch during the holiday season.
Dec. 20, 2022 Readout of US Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr.’s travel to Poland U.S. Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr. traveled to Poland Dec. 18-19, where he met with leaders, underscoring Poland's role as a critical NATO ally, discussed aspects of their strong bilateral defense relationship and additional areas of mutual interest.
Dec. 16, 2022 AF Week in Photos This week's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This weekly feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
Dec. 12, 2022 CSAF hosts all-call with 17th TRW At the all-call, Brown addressed the National Defense Strategy, agile combat employment, multi-capable Airmen, and the spectrum of resiliency.
Dec. 9, 2022 AF Week in Photos This week's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This weekly feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
Dec. 8, 2022 Bussiere assumes command of Air Force Global Strike Command Gen. Thomas Bussiere became the newest leader of the organization responsible for the nation's only intercontinental ballistic missile and strategic bomber forces.
Dec. 2, 2022 B-21 Raider makes public debut; will become backbone of Air Force’s bomber fleet The U.S. Air Force unveiled its newest bomber aircraft, the B-21 Raider, designed to operate in tomorrow's high-end threat environment.
Nov. 30, 2022 CSAF Leadership Library: November 2022 Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr. presents three new additions to the CSAF Leadership Library.
Nov. 21, 2022 AMC presents winning scheme of maneuver to CSAF, MAJCOM commanders Air Mobility Command hosted Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr., as well as senior leaders from eight major commands, at Fall Phoenix Rally at Scott Air Force Base.
Oct. 20, 2022 B-21 bomber to be unveiled Dec. 2 The Air Force confirmed Oct. 20 it plans to reveal the B-21 Raider Dec. 2 during an unveiling ceremony hosted and sponsored by the Northrop Grumman Corporation at its production facilities in Palmdale, California.
Oct. 14, 2022 Readout of US Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr.’s travel to Ecuador U.S. Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr. traveled to Ecuador Oct. 12-13, to affirm the U.S.-Ecuador defense partnership and discuss future enhanced cooperation.
Oct. 14, 2022 Readout of US Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr.’s travel to Peru U.S. Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr. traveled to Peru Oct. 11-12 to deepen close and enduring cooperation between the U.S. and Peruvian Air Forces.
Sept. 29, 2022 RAAF, USAF leaders sign Joint Vision Statement in Washington The Joint Vision Statement builds on the U.S. and Australian strategic partnership and conveys the two countries’ intent to work together to direct and support the development and operations of their air forces.
Sept. 23, 2022 AF Week in Photos This week's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This weekly feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
Sept. 22, 2022 Air Force announces hypersonic missile contract award The Hypersonic Attack Cruise Missile is an air-launched, scramjet-powered hypersonic weapon designed to hold high-value targets at risk in contested environments from standoff distances.
Sept. 22, 2022 AF hosts International Air Chiefs Conference The gathering exemplified the Air Force’s ongoing efforts to strengthen relationships with allies and partners through meaningful conversation and information exchange.
Sept. 22, 2022 Air Force releases the ‘Purple Book’ The Air Force released the third book in its trilogy of foundational documents dedicated to developing Total Force Airmen.
Sept. 21, 2022 Communities in the Fight panel underscores importance of collaboration The Air and Space Forces Association hosted a “Communities in the Fight” panel discussion at the AFA’s Air, Space and Cyber Conference at National Harbor Sept. 20.
Sept. 20, 2022 Cyclists ride more than 200 miles to honor Air Force’s 75th birthday The inaugural Memorial to Memorial ride brought more than 90 cyclists from the Air Force and Space Force together over three days to celebrate the Air Force's 75th Anniversary.
Sept. 19, 2022 Brown cites Air Force history as fuel for accelerating change, meeting today’s complex security challenges Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr. urged the Total Force Sept. 19 to focus intently, to move fast and “accelerate change” in reshaping the service to meet modern-day threats.
Aug. 29, 2022 The National Guard: Truly at the heart of it all Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr. spoke with National Guard leaders and discussed how the service is transforming.
Aug. 28, 2022 CSAF visits Indo-Pacific bases, stresses importance of DoD’s priority theater Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr. recently traveled to locations across the Department of Defense’s priority theater, reinforcing U.S. and U.S. Air Force commitment to a free and open Indo-Pacific..
Aug. 16, 2022 ‘Wolf 46’ returns to visit the Pack During the visit, Brown hosted an all-call, where, among other topics, he touched on the Air Force’s role in the National Defense Strategy and the importance of innovation and recognized individual Airmen from across the Wolf Pack for their achievements.
Aug. 12, 2022 CSAF visits Kadena Air Base At an all-call with Kadena AB personnel, Brown stressed the importance of empowering Airmen at all levels to deliver innovative solutions to keep pace with the complex operational and strategic challenges that shape U.S. military operations in this region.
Aug. 12, 2022 AF Week in Photos This week's photos feature Airmen from around the globe involved in activities supporting expeditionary operations and defending America. This weekly feature showcases the men and women of the Air Force.
Aug. 11, 2022 Readout of US Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr.’s travel to the Philippines Throughout the meetings, Brown reaffirmed the great value the U.S. Air Force places on the bilateral alliance.
Aug. 9, 2022 Readout of US Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr.'s visit to Singapore U.S. Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr. traveled to Singapore Aug. 7-10 to reaffirm the U.S. Air Force's commitment to the bilateral defense relationship and discuss efforts to enhance cooperation.
Aug. 9, 2022 CSAF visits JB Pearl Harbor-Hickam Brown discussed the value of strengthening relationships with allies and partners, and 15th Wing Airmen highlighted how they work with regional partners to integrate joint operations, promoting advancements to their mission capabilities.
Aug. 4, 2022 Air Force Reserve welcomes its new commander Lt. Gen. John Healy received command of the Air Force Reserve Command from Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. CQ Brown, Jr., during a change of command ceremony at Robins Air Force Base, Georgia, Aug. 3.
July 28, 2022 CSAF visits Shaw AFB During the visit, Brown discussed modernization, innovation, and Airmen initiatives related to efforts in the strategic plan Accelerate Change or Lose and the associated Action Orders.